<font color="#222222">En el informe presentado por el Banco de Desarrollo de América Latina (CAF) presenta las condiciones de la región sobre emprendimiento y productividad. Ecuador en particular tiene características iguales al promedio de la región, misma que en general tiene problemas; uno de los cuales es la productividad, esto se debe al hecho de que la región ha venido creciendo muy lentamente en los últimos 40 o 50 años y esto se traduce en un ingreso por habitante relativamente bajo; es decir, como la productividad no crece, no se ha logrado una mayor dinámica en la región. <br /> <br /> Para entender el problema de productividad se ha considera a las empresas y dentro de ellas, a los emprendedores; por lo cual, se debe considerar al emprendedor como motor de desarrollo.</font><br /> <br /> <font color="#222222">La pregunta de partida del informe de la CAF fue sobre el estado del capital emprendedor de América Latina. ¿Es este capital lo suficientemente grande y rico para que se transforme en el motor de desarrollo? Para medirlo se consideró primero a los emprendedores como todas las personas que manejan negocios; al mirar estos resultados, se observa que hay una gran cantidad de emprendedores, hay mucha iniciativa empresarial medida por personas que manejan sus negocios. En América latina el 30% de la PEA es emprendedora ya que tiene su propio negocio, o contrata trabajadores o es unipersonal. Revista Ekos charló con Pablo Brassiolo, Economista Principal Investigaciones Socioeconómicas de la CAF.</font><br /> <br /> <span style="font-weight: bold; color: #222222;">¿Cómo es el estado del emprendimiento Ecuatoriano?<br /> </span><span style="color: #222222;">La tasa de emprendimiento de actividad temprana (TEA) en Ecuador, calculada por el <i>Global entrepreneurship monitor</i>, es una de las más altas de América Latina y, a su vez, América también tiene una de las más altas. La TEA mide la actividad empresarial temprana, los intentos de emprender o negocios que recién se están abriendo y cuáles son los motivos para emprender. </span><br /> <span style="color: #222222;">Lo que se puede ver sobre estos resultados no necesariamente reflejan un mayor nivel de desarrollo o más productividad por tener un mayor nivel de emprendimiento; al contrario, se puede observar que los países relativamente más pobres son los que tienen un nivel alto; por lo cual, esto podría responder a la hipótesis de que las familias buscan en estos negocios una salida al desempleo, de la falta de empleo asalariado.<br /> </span><br /> <b><span style="color: #222222;">¿Cuál sería una medida para determinar, el éxito de un emprendimiento?</span></b><br /> <span style="color: #222222;">Como una medida del éxito que tiene el emprendimiento de un país o de una región se puede considerar a los que sean lo suficientemente grandes como emplear a más personas; en la región se puede observar que el porcentaje de estos emprendimientos no es tan alto. <br /> </span><br /> <b><span style="color: #222222;">¿Cuál es el perfil que debe tener un emprendedor?</span></b><br /> <span style="color: #222222;">Según estudios de Sicología es definida por ser una persona dinámica, adepta al riesgo, innovadora, con ambición, orientada por el logro. Por otro lado, en el reporte de la CAF 2013 se define las aptitudes del emprendimiento, la cual fue medida para alrededor de 9 000 personas en un total de 17 ciudades de América Latina y Los Ángeles.</span><br /> <span style="color: #222222;">Los aspectos que se evaluaron son la capacidad de innovación y creatividad de la población; aceptación por el riesgo y, finalmente, habilidades gerenciales; este último aspecto es el más importantes dentro del perfil del emprendedor para que el negocio crezca. Este trabajo fue diseñado de tal manera que los resultados puedan ser comparables entre ciudades y se encontró que la población no tiene ninguna diferencia en la aptitud de la población general. La diferencia se ve en las personas que emprenden. <br /> </span><br /> <span style="color: #222222;">Por lo cual y debido a la heterogeneidad de la población en cuanto a sus habilidades, deben existir lugares de encuentro y dialogo para que el proceso de emprendimiento esté reforzado por el hecho de la complementariedad que tienen los diferentes agentes asociados. Estos lugares de encuentro deben estar normados de tal manera que se asegure la integridad de cada uno de los participantes. <br /> </span><br /> <b><span style="color: #222222;">¿Cómo salir de la trampa de informalidad y baja productividad?</span></b><br /> <span style="color: #222222;">Es un desafío para los hacedores de política. El primer paso es generar un ecosistema para el emprendimiento, esto permitirá que las empresas tengan potencial, crecimiento y la oportunidad de emplear; esto frenaría el ingreso de las nuevas generaciones a un cirulo de autoempleo y baja calidad. <br /> </span><br /> <span style="color: #222222;">Dentro de la experiencia se encuentra resultados modestos pero positivos. 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